Which activities are typically included in the implementation phase?

• A. Requirements gathering
• B. Design
• C. Maintenance
• D. Coding, testing, and integration

Answer: (D)

In the implementation phase the focus is turning the design into a working system by building the software. This involves writing the code, running tests to verify that it behaves as intended, and integrating the various modules so they work together as a cohesive whole. Requirements gathering and design happen earlier in the lifecycle to specify what to build and how it should be structured, while maintenance comes after deployment as the system is used and updated. So coding, testing, and integration best represent the activities that put the plan into a functioning product.